From weekend workouts to daily chores, your shoulders work harder than you realize, until pain sets in. If you’ve noticed stiffness, weakness, or aching that’s limiting your movement, it’s time to pay attention. Learning why shoulder pain happens and when to consult an orthopedic specialist can help you recover more effectively.
Top Causes of Shoulder Pain
Shoulder pain can stem from a variety of conditions affecting muscles, tendons, cartilage, or bones. The most frequent culprits include:
- Rotator cuff injuries: Small tears or inflammation in the group of tendons stabilizing your shoulder.
- Shoulder impingement: When the tendons rub or “catch” during arm movement.
- Arthritis: Gradual cartilage wear that causes stiffness and aching pain.
- Frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis): Tightening of the shoulder capsule that restricts motion.
- Bursitis or tendonitis: Inflammation that leads to sharp or aching discomfort.
Athletes and active individuals often develop shoulder issues from repetitive overhead motion, while others may notice pain from age-related degeneration or poor posture.
When Is Shoulder Pain a Warning Sign?
Not all shoulder pain requires immediate medical attention, but some symptoms should raise concern. You should consider scheduling an orthopedic evaluation if:
- Pain persists beyond a few days despite rest or over-the-counter medication.
- You have night pain that keeps you awake.
- Your shoulder feels unstable, weak, or you notice a sudden loss of motion.
- There’s visible swelling, bruising, or deformity after an injury.
- Pain radiates down the arm or is accompanied by numbness or tingling.
In these cases, the problem may be more than a simple strain. Conditions like rotator cuff tears, labral tears, or shoulder arthritis often require specialized care for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
Getting to the Root of the Problem for Your Shoulder Pain
An orthopedic surgeon specializing in shoulder care will begin with a detailed history and physical examination, sometimes followed by imaging such as X-rays, ultrasound, or MRI to pinpoint the source of pain.
Identifying whether the issue is inflammatory, structural, or degenerative is crucial to developing an effective treatment plan. Many patients improve with conservative measures such as physical therapy, activity modification, and targeted injections. However, persistent or severe cases like full-thickness tendon tears or advanced arthritis may benefit from minimally invasive or reconstructive surgery.
Don’t Ignore Shoulder Pain That Won’t Go Away
The shoulder is designed for motion, but that mobility depends on balance and stability within a complex network of tissues. Ignoring ongoing pain can lead to worsening stiffness, weakness, or even irreversible damage.
If shoulder discomfort is affecting your daily routine or athletic performance, it’s time for a professional assessment. Book an appointment with Dr. Hill, to discuss your symptoms and explore personalized treatment options that can help restore your strength and confidence in movement.
AUTHOR: Brian W. Hill, M.D., is a board-certified shoulder surgeon at Palm Beach Orthopedic Institute. He is an expert in advanced reconstructive and arthroscopic techniques and serves as an assistant team physician for the Washington Nationals and their affiliates. Dr. Hill treats shoulder injuries and arthritis with a focus on patient-centered care and clear communication.
